1.     Have you heard of Tenali Raman?
2.     What is he famous for?

         King Krishna Devaraya was known for his patronage of poets and scholars and he was equally fond of fine arts. Once he came to know about a brilliant artist named Raja Varma. He invited Raja Varma to the court and asked him to draw his portrait.

The king was very pleased with the artist when his portrait was ready. In the portrait the majestic and handsome king seemed to have come alive within the frame.

        This portrait apart, Raja Varma drew images of prominent characters of men and women, from the ‘Puranas’, and so on. He became well-known for his genius, and close and dear to the king.

       Overwhelmed with joy, Krishna Devaraya called the artist and asked him what he wanted. When Raja Varma did not reply, the king, on the spur of generous impulse, rewarded him with the chief ministership.

       Though Raja Varma was a good man and a brilliant artist, he had no experience whatsoever of administration. Soon everything was thrown into disorder and chaos because of his hasty decisions and bad management of the state affairs. Though people were unhappy with his administration, they did not dare complain to the king because the king was very fond of him.

        The elders of the town finally approached and sought Tenali Raman's help in getting rid of the new and inept chief minister.

        Tenali Raman assured them, “I shall soon find a harmless way to remove the artist from the chief ministership.”

        After a few weeks Tenali Raman invited the king, the queen and some courtiers to his house for lunch. Meanwhile, he found a very good carpenter and put him on the job of preparing a sumptuous feast for the king.

        The king and others sat for lunch and at Tenali Raman's order, the carpenter began serving them. As soon as they put the first morsel of food in their mouths, the people began to pant and rasp, asking for water again and again.

        Soon after tasting the food, the king realized that the food was badly cooked and was unbearably hot. He was livid.

“Raman , who has cooked this food? Do you want us all to suffer and die by eating this horrible food?”

         In his usual humble way Tenali Raman said, “I beg your Majesty's forgiveness.” Then he showed the carpenter to the king. “I have never come across such an excellent carpenter and I have put him on the job of cooking the lunch for today's feast.”

        The king began laughing loudly. “Have you lost all sense, Raman? A good carpenter should be employed to work on wood but not on food. How did you get this funny idea?”

        Tenali Raman asked the king courteously, “Lord! If an artist can become a chief minister, can’t a carpenter become a cook?

        The king at once understood that Tenali Raman got a carpenter to make him realize his error in making Raja Varma the chief minister.

        The king was saved the embarrassment of removing Raja Varma from the post, because, when Raja Varma came to know about the awkward incident at Raman's house, he immediately resigned from his post.

       Later Raja Varma told Tenali Raman that he was happy to remain an artist.

EXERCISES

Read and Learn

patronage
prominent
inept
pant and rasp
portrait
impulse
sumptuous
courteously
on the spur of
morsel
embarrassment
livid

Word Power
   
           The underlined words / phrases have been incorrectly used in the following sentences. Replace them with the correct words / phrases from the lesson:
1.     When they put first morsel of food in their mouth, the people began to on the spur of asking water again and again.
2.    We dined in prominent surroundings.
3.  Raja Varma drew images of portrait characters of men and women from the Puranas.
4.     He played a sumptuous part in the campaign.
5.     I phoned him up pant and rasp the moment.
6.     Embarrassment of the art comes mostly from business and private individuals.
7.     The king was pleased with the artist when his patronage was ready.
ANS. 
1.   When they put first morsel of food in their mouth, the people began to pant and rasp asking water again and again.
2.     We dined in a queue surroundings.
3.  Raja Varma drew images of prominent characters of men and women from the Puranas.
4.     He played a vital part in the campaign.
5.     I phoned him up the condition of the moment.
6.     Goodness of the art comes mostly from business and private individuals.
7.     The king was pleased with the artist when his portrait was ready.

 Comprehension

Answer the following questions:

Q.1   Who was invited to the court to draw the portrait of the king?
Ans. - Raja Varma was invited to the court to draw the portrait of the king.
Q.2   Why did Raja Varma become close and dear to the king?
Ans. - Since Raja Varma drew an attractive and handsome portrait of the king. So the impressed from him and he become close the dear to the king.

 Q.3   Why were the people unhappy with the administration of the chief minister?
Ans. - The people were unhappy because he was unable to manage the state affairs and always took foolish decision.

Q.4   Who wanted Tenali Raman's help?
Ans. - The elders of the town wanted Tenali Raman's help.

Q.5   Who was given the job of preparing the food in Tenali Raman's house?
Ans. - A very brilliant carpenter got the job of preparing the food in Tanali Raman's house.

Q.6   Did the cook prepare very tasty food? Why not?
Ans. - No,  the cook did not prepare very tasty food because he had no experience about the cooking food.

Q.7   Why did Tenali Raman invite the king, the queen and some courtiers to his house?
Ans. - Tenali Raman invited them to his house for lunch.

Q.8   How did the king realize his mistake?
Ans. - The king ate the bad food and asked about the cook. Tenali Raman said him courteously that if an artist can become a chief minister, can't a carpenter become a cook ? Then the king realized his mistake.

Q.9   When did Raja Varma resign from his post?
Ans. - When he came to know about the awkward incident at Raman's house, he immediately resigned from his post.

Q.10   Was Raja Varma happy when he was the chief minister of the state? Why not?
Ans. - He was not happy because he was fond of arts. He did not want to leave it. Similarly he had no experience about state affairs.

Q.11   Select the appropriate words and fill in the blanks:
a) The king invited ..................... to the court and asked him to draw his portrait.
      (a) Tenali Raman                 
       (b) one of the countiers            
       (c) Raja Varma
       (d) one of his ministers
Ans. -  (c) Raja Varma

b)  Tenali Raman did not invite ....................
      (a) the king                                 
       (b) the queen
       (c) the courtiers
       (d) Raja Varma
Ans. -  (d) Raja Varma

Let's Learn

A)   l An affirmative sentence is a simple statement that means "Yes" and has the construction : Subject + Verb+(object)

Example: He was playing cricket.

l   A "Yes/No" question is one that we can answer with 'Yes' or 'No'. The sentence begins with an 'auixiliary'.

Example: Was he playing cricket?

l   Wh-questions begin with a question word. Generally questions have the following construction :

A question word+ an auixiliary+ subject + verb + ......

Example: Where do you live?

l    In a negative sentence “not” or “n't” comes after the auxiliary verb: 
Examples: 1. They are not coming to the party.

2. I have not seen him for a long time.

3. You mustn't do it again.

l   "not" or "n't" also comes after an auxiliary verb functioning as a main verb

Example: The photographs aren't ready yet.

Frame 'Yes/No' questions for the following situations, the first sentence has been done for you:

1. You want to know if Raju has ever been to Bhopal. Ask Sunita. Sunita has Raju ever been to Bhopal?

2. You are not sure if Sunita and Raju are going to Maheshwar. Ask them.

Sunita and Raju are____________?
Ans. - Are Sunita and Raju are going to Maheshwar ?

3. You want to know if Mohan plays tennis. Ask Suresh.

Suresh does_______________?
Ans. - Dose Mohan play tennis ?

4. Your friend has returned from a holiday. Ask him whether he enjoyed it or not? 

Did_____________________?
Ans. - Did you enjoy there ?

5. You want to ask Rakesh to go for a walk.

Rakesh___________________?
Ans. - Shall we go for a walk ?

6. You want to know if Ashok will be at the zoo today.

Ashok will_____________________?
Ans. - Will Ashok be at the zoo today ?

7 You want to know if the train is on time.

Is_____________________?
Ans. - Is the train on time ?

8. You want to ask Sunita if you can borrow her pen.

Sunita can_________________?
Ans. - Can I borrow your pen ?

9. You want to know if Vijay has got a motor bike.

Vijay do_______________________?
Ans. - Do you know that Vijay has got a motor bike ?

B)    What would you say in these situations; the first sentence has been done for you:

Example: A. My friend is arriving today.

B.  At what time is your friend arriving? You are talking to a boy at a party. Ask him:

1.   Name of his school

     What is the name of your school ?

2.   His residence

     Where do you live ?

3.   His age

     How are you old ?

4.   When the course finishes.
     
     When dose the course of your school finish ?

5.   What the date is today.

     What is the date today ?


C)     Complete the conversation, put in the negative forms of the following words; one example has been done for you:

did, do, does, have, is, was, were

Sunita :Does anyone live in the house next door ?
Rani : Yes, Ravi lives there. He hasn't got a job.   
Sunita  : The house does not look very beautiful.   
Rani : The people who lived there before Ravi were not look after it very well. And they did not very good at gardening. When Ravi bought the house, it had been empty for a while. It was not very expensive. But he was not interested in doing anything to it, as you can see.       
Sunita  : Is he your friend?      
Rani : No, we aren't really friends. I do not know him very well. I say hello  when I see him, that's all. I have not seen him for a while, actually.       

D)   In the following sets of sentences, sentences at No. 1 are affirmative, sentences at No. 2 are negative and at No.3 are interrogative . Note how affirmative sentences are changed into negative and interrogative sentences.

(a).  1. All flowers are beautiful.

2.         All flowers are not beautiful.

3.         Are all flowers beautiful?

(b).  1. A star shines in the sky.

2.         A star does not shine in the sky.

3.         Does a star shine in the sky?

(c).  1. The market was full of people.

2.        The market was not full of people.

3.         Was the market full of people?



Now change the following sentences into negative and interrogative sentences:

1. There is a park in front of my house.

 Negative - There is not a park in front of my house.

Interrogative - Is there a park in front of my house ?

2. All birds fly in the sky.

 Negative - All birds do not fly in the sky.

Interrogative - Do all birds fly in the sky ?

3. They will help her.

 Negative - They will not help her.

Interrogative - Will they help her ?

4. We should keep our promises.

 Negative - We should not keep our promises.

Interrogative - Should we keep our promises ?

5. The postman was delivering the letters.

 Negative - The postman was not delivering the letters.

Interrogative - Was the postman delivering the letters ?

6. Ashok has written this letter.

 Negative - Ashok has not written this letter.

Interrogative - Has Ashok written this letter ?

7. Meera is cooking the dinner.

 Negative - Meera is not cooking the dinner.

Interrogative - Is Meera cooking the dinner ?

8. Lightning had struck the house.

 Negative - Lightning had not struck the house.

Interrogative - Had lightning not struck the house ?

9. He has bought a new car.

 Negative - He has not bought a new car.

Interrogative - Has he bought a new car ?

10.The farmer has sown the seeds.

 Negative - The farmer has not sown the seeds.

Interrogative - Has the farmer sown the seeds ?

Let's Talk

After reading the story 'Measure for Measure', enact this dialogue as role play.
Ashok : Hello, Raju! Did you enjoy the lesson, 'Measure for Measure'?
Raju  : Yes, very much. A painter was appointed as an administrator.
Ashok : Yes, it is really a funny thing.
Raju  : But Tenali Raman was a very intelligent person.
Ashok : He was really a genius. Only he could complain to the king against the chief minister.
Raju  : So Tenali Raman appointed a carpenter as a cook.
Ashok : Yes, that carpenter cooked the food for the king.
Raju  : Tenali Raman knew well how to put the problem before the King.
Ashok : The king understood the problem at once.
Raju  : But it was good that Raja Varma resigned from his post himself when he heard about the incident.
Ashok : So it’s a very good lesson. Isn’t it?
Raju  : Yes, it is.


Let's Read

Here is a flow chart for repairing a puncture in a motor bike:


  

Read the flow chart and answer the questions given below.

1.  What do you do if there is a fault in the valve?

Ans. - We check the valve.

2.  What do you do after removing the wheel?

Ans. - We remove the tube from the tyre after removing the wheel.

3.  How do you check the tube for leakage?

Ans. - We pump air from machine in tube and put it into water.

4.  What do you do after you have found the leakage?

Ans. - We mark the place of leakage and take it out.

5.  How do you repair the puncture?

Ans. - We repair the tube with puncture solution and a piece of rubber.


Let's Write

Imagine that you are on a railway station. A blind boy wants to know what is happening. Describe what is going on. Use the clues in the correct form and complete the description.

A train coming (come) now. Don't worry. This isn't our train. The engine is making

(make) a thunderous noise. People are running (run) here and there.

The driver is peeping (peep) out. The guard is waving (wave) a red flag.

The train is stopping (stop) now. All the passengers are rushing (rush) towards the

compartments. They are trying (try)  to  get  on,  while  those  inside    the

compartments are trying (try) to get off. Some of them are shouting (shout)

"Coolie! Coolie!" Some are buying fruits (buy). There's so much confusion.

Let's do it

Collect 2 or 3 stories about Akbar and Birbal and read them in your class.

Ans. - Student themselevs